First Information Report (FIR)
FIR stands for First Information Report. When someone who has sufficient information about a crime reports it to the police, either verbally or in writing, it is known as filing a First Information Report (FIR). Once the complaint has been formally recorded, it assumes the status of an FIR in compliance with section 154 of the Cr P C.
To file an FIR, all you must write is your full name and address, contact no., your introduction, then your complaint in proper sequence. It should include what happened, when and who caused it, their name and address or his description if known, who witnessed it, for what, what is caused to you (the loss or injury). In the last paragraph, you may write a request to act as per law, and sign it with a date. At the top, write the designation of the Police Officer and name of the Police Station with date and place. FIRs are also filed online on the Police Official Website.
Besides serious crimes, FIRs can be
registered for the loss or theft of essential documents like PAN Card, Adhar
Card, Voter ID, Mark sheets, Degrees, Official Certificates, Driving License,
Passport, Property sale-purchase papers, etc. To recover or get duplicate
documents from the relevant authorities, filing an FIR is required. The FIR
also provides future protection against unauthorized use of your documents.
Types of First Information Report (FIR)
FIRs can be classified into different types, depending on the nature of the offense being reported. In India, several types of First Information Reports (FIRs) are commonly observed, such as:
1.
General
FIR: This
type of FIR is the most frequently encountered and is used to report a range of
offenses, including theft, robbery, assault, vandalism, and more. The document
offers a comprehensive description of the incident and the necessary
information for the investigation.
2. Zero FIR: Zero F.I.R can be logged anywhere around India irrespective of their residence or place of occurrence of crime. Subsequently, it is forwarded to the appropriate police station for further investigation.
Zero FIRs are named because they are given the number "0" instead of a serial number. Once a Zero FIR is registered, the police station proceeds to transmit it to the jurisdictional police station, where the offence occurred. Once the Zero FIR is received by the relevant police station, it is given a serial number and converted into a regular FIR.
3. Cross FIR: If both parties have registered FIRs against each other in relation to the same incident.
4.
Multiple
FIR: Multiple
FIRs are filed for the same incident or cause.
What is the process after FIR?
Following the filing of an FIR, it becomes a legal obligation for the police to begin an investigation into the matter. The investigative process encompasses various tasks, such as evidence collection, witness interrogation, crime scene examination, forensic analysis, statement documentation, and more.
Proforma for Reporting the First Information Report of a Cognizable Offense
(Under Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code)
(F.I.R.)
An FIR must include the following items:
Police Station….
District ….
1. Personal details of the Complainant / Informant:
(a) Name
(b) Father’s / Husband’s Name
(c) Address
(d) Mobile No.
2. Place of Occurrence:
3. Date and Hour of Occurrence:
4. Offense:
a) Nature of the offense (e.g. murder, theft, rape, etc.)
c) Details of the property (in case one has got stolen)
5. Description of the accused
6. Details of witnesses (if any)
7. Complaint: Summarize the incident accurately and briefly.
Sample of filling an FIR
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From (Applicant’s Name) (Applicant’s Address) (Applicant’s Mobile No.) Date:
To The Police Officer In-charge Address (Name of Local Police Station)
Subject: (mention subject, e.g. your lost mobile/documents etc.)
Respected Sir/Madam
I would like to draw your kind attention to the following facts: (Include details/contents 1-7 as given in Proforma) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
I have enclosed the documents mentioned below for your reference.
I hope you can kindly take care of this as soon as possible.
Thanking you
Enclosed: (a)] I.D. proof. (b)---- Yours Sincerely (Complainant/Informant Signature) (Complainant/Informant Name)
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Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. What does FIR stand
for? [B.A. 2024]
A) First Incident Report
B) First Investigation Report
C) First Information Report
D) First Inquiry Report
2. Who can file an FIR ?
A) Only police officers
B) Only lawyers
C) Any person with knowledge of a cognizable offense
D) Only judges
3. What is the main purpose of filing an FIR?
A) To provide legal advice
B) To start an investigation by the police
C) To start a civil lawsuit
D) To establish guilt
4. Who is responsible for recording the FIR?
A) The complainant
B) The police officer on duty
C) A magistrate
D) A lawyer
5. Which section of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) deals with the registration of FIR?
A) Section 154
B) Section 420
C) Section 498A
D) Section 302
6. How soon should an FIR be filed after the occurrence of the incident?
A) Within 24 hours
B) Within 7 days
C) Within 30 days
D) Within 90 days
7. Can an FIR be filed online?
A) Yes, always
B) No, never
C) Yes, but only in certain states
D) Yes, but only for specific offenses
8. Who investigates the offenses mentioned in an FIR?
A) Local municipality
B) District Collector
C) Police officer in charge of a police station
D) State Governor
9. What is the penalty for filing a false FIR in India?
A) Fine only
B) Imprisonment only
C) Fine and imprisonment
D) Community service
10. Can an FIR be amended after it has been registered?
A) Yes, with the permission of the complainant
B) No, it cannot be altered
C) Yes, but only with a court order
D) Yes, at the discretion of the police
officer in charge
11. What details are required to be mentioned in an FIR?
A) Only the name of the accused
B) Only the time of the incident
C) Only the location of the incident
D) Details of the offense, time, place, and identity of the accused
12. In which language can an FIR be filed in India?
A) Only in English
B) Only in Hindi
C) In any language understood by the police officer on duty
D) In any regional language except English
13. Can an FIR be filed anonymously in India?
A) Yes, always
B) No, never
C) Yes, but only for specific offenses
D) Yes, but only with the permission of the Prime Minister
14. Who is responsible for providing a copy of the FIR to the complainant?
A) The police officer
B) The court
C) The complainant themselves
D) The government office
15. What is the time limit for the police to submit a report after registering an FIR?
A) 3 days
B) 7 days
C) 15 days
D) 30 days
16. Any police station can accept which type of FIR, regardless of the crime's location?
A) Regular FIR
B) Delayed FIR
C) Zero FIR
D) Cross FIR
17. What type of FIR is filed when the identity of the accused is known?
A) Regular FIR
B) Zero FIR
C) Delayed FIR
D) Cognizable FIR
18. Which of the following phrases is more likely to be used in a formal FIR?
A) "Hey, listen up!"
B) "I would like to report..."
C) "What's up, officer?"
D) "Yo, check this out!"
19. What is a Zero FIR?
A) A type of FIR filed for non-serious offenses
B) An FIR filed without delay at any police station regardless of jurisdiction
C) A FIR filed after a considerable delay in reporting the crime
D) An FIR filed for serious offenses only
20. What is the time limit for registering a Zero FIR?
A) Within 24 hours of the occurrence of the crime
B) Within 48 hours of the occurrence of the crime
C) Within 7 days of the occurrence of the crime
D) There is no specific time limit
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